Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr., National Hero of Jamaica (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940), was a publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, Black nationalist, Pan-Africanist, and orator. Marcus Garvey was founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL).
Prior to the twentieth century, leaders such as Prince Hall, Martin Delany, Edward Wilmot Blyden, and Henry Highland Garnet advocated the involvement of the African diaspora in African affairs. Garvey was unique in advancing a Pan-African philosophy to inspire a global mass movement focusing on Africa known as Garveyism. Promoted by the UNIA as a movement of African Redemption, Garveyism would eventually inspire others, ranging from the Nation of Islam, to the Rastafari movement (which proclaims Garvey as a prophet). The intention of the movement was for those of African ancestry to "redeem" Africa and for the European colonial powers to leave it. The idea that African Americans should return to Africa was known as the Colonist Movement. His essential ideas about Africa were stated in an editorial in the Negro World entitled “African Fundamentalism” where he wrote:
“ Our union must know no clime, boundary, or nationality… let us hold together under all climes and in every country."
Youtube:
Media:
The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey, Or, Africa for the Africans by Marcus Garvey (Author), Amy Jacques Garvey (Author)
Selected Writings and Speeches of Marcus Garvey by Marcus Garvey (Author), Bob Blaisdell (Editor)
Negro with a Hat: The Rise and Fall of Marcus Garvey by Colin Grant
Message to the People: The Course of African Philosophy by Marcus Garvey
The American Experience - Marcus Garvey: Look for Me in the Whirlwind (2001)-DVD
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